Ciência Diária » Gravação magnética revolucionária torna disco rígido peça de museu

Gravação magnética revolucionária torna disco rígido peça de museu

Submitted by Ciência Diária on Tuesday, 7 February 201279 Comentários

Suporte de armazenamento magnético final, consistindo de muitos grãos magnéticos individuais de tamanho nanométrico com uma densidade de 10 petabytes/m2 (10 quaquilhões de bytes por metro quadrado). Os dados são gravados no dispositivo usando um processo de aquecimento ultrarrápido para a reversão a uma taxa de dados de 200 Gb/s. Comparado à tecnologia de disco rígido atual, isto permitiria 10 vezes a quantidade da capacidade de armazenagem e 300 vezes de desempenho. Crédito: divulgação/ Richard Evans, University of York

Uma nova maneira revolucionária de gravação magnética, usando apenas o calor, foi descoberta por uma equipe multinacional formada por cientistas da Espanha, Suíça, Ucrânia, Rússia, Japão e Países Baixos. Graças à pesquisa, a construção de dispositivos de gravação magnética, centenas de vezes mais rápidos e mais eficientes que a unidade de disco rígido atual, passa a ser realidade. Os resultados da pesquisa, conduzida pela Universidade de York, Reino Unido, foram publicados hoje no periódico científico Nature Communications.

O método revolucionário dispensa o uso de campo magnético para gravar informações sobre um suporte magnético. Ao contrário, as informações são gravadas usando apenas o calor, tornando possível a velocidade de gravação de centenas de gigabytes (terabytes) por segundo. Como argumenta o físico Thomas Ostler da Universidade de York, o consumo de energia também é bem menor, por não haver um campo magnético.

A tecnologia de gravação magnética moderna emprega o princípio de que o polo norte de um ímã é atraído pelo polo sul de outro, sendo que polos iguais se repelem. Até agora se acreditava que para gravar um bit de informação – invertendo os polos de um ímã – era necessário aplicar um campo magnético externo. Quanto mais forte fosse o campo aplicado, mais rápida seria a gravação de um bit magnético de informações.

No entanto, a equipe de cientistas demonstrou que as posições dos polos norte e sul de um ímã podem ser invertidas por um pulso de calor ultracurto, aproveitando o poder das forças internas muito mais fortes do suporte magnético.

Imagens experimentais mostrando a comutação determinística repetitiva das ilhas de nano. Inicialmente, as duas ilhas de nano têm orientações magnéticas diferentes (preto e branco respectivamente). Após a aplicação de um impulso único, as direções magnéticas de ambas mudam. O processo se repete ao serem aplicados mais pulsos, comutando o estado magnético para o estado anterior ou posterior. Crédito: divulgação/Johan Mentink and Alexey Kimel, Radboud University Nijmegen; Richard Evans, University of York.

Comutador magnético induzido por calor ultrarrápido. Antes do pulso de laser, os dois componentes do material ferromagnético Fe (azul) e Gd (vermelho) são alinhados em antiparalelo uns aos outros. O pulso de laser de 60 femtosegundos (um milionésimo de um bilionésimo de segundo) de duração aquece rapidamente o material e isso, por si só, induz um estado transitório ferromagnético, onde os momentos de Fe e Gd estão alinhados em paralelo. Após o pulso de laser os momentos relaxam ao seu estado habitual completando um único evento de comutação em menos de cinco picossegundos (5.10 -12 segundos ou 0,000000000005 segundos). Crédito: divulgação/ Richard Evans, University of York.

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